Usage of air-conditioners and windows in residential areas in Johor Bahru City : planning methods of coastal residential areas in consideration of wind flow

This study discusses planning methods of residential areas in coastal cities, focusing on the effect of wind flow. This aims to determine strategies that reduce energy consumption in residential areas, targeting especially a reduction in the use of air-conditioners. As a part of the above study, this paper presents the findings of a questionnaire survey on usage of windows and air-conditioners among selected households in apartment houses in Johor Bahru City, Malaysia and compares the results with those in terraced houses surveyed previously

Wind environmental evaluation of neighborhood areas in major towns of Malaysia

This paper discusses planning guidelines of neighborhood residential areas in consideration of wind flow in Malaysia. It aims to reduce the energy consumption particularly from the use of air-conditioners. Wind flow at the neighborhood level has a large potential to promote natural ventilation in each dwelling unit. This paper reports results of the wind environmental evaluation of case study areas under respective climatic conditions in major towns of Malaysia. The results showed that the calculated mean wind velocities in most terraced houses cases did not meet required criterion under respective climatic conditions in the east coast towns and inland town of Peninsular Malaysia. This was mainly due to the weak wind conditions in these towns. It was considered that the location of towns, i.e. distance from the coastal line, had significant influence on such weak wind conditions. This paper finally suggested that the high-rise housing could be one of the effective means to utilize higher wind at the elevated floor level under weak wind conditions in urban Malaysia

Wind environment evaluation in neighborhood residential areas in Malaysia:a case study of Johor Bahru metropolitan city

This paper discusses planning guidelines at the neighborhood residential areas in consideration of wind flow in Malaysia. It aims to reduce the energy consumption particularly from the usage of home air conditioners. Natural wind flow is one of the most effective methods to help achieve the energy saving objectives in large cities especially under the tropical climate like Malaysia. This paper presents the results of several wind tunnel tests on selected neighborhood residential areas in the Johor Bahru Metropolitan City. Moreover, the wind environment evaluation of the selected case study areas under the climate conditions of the city was carried out. The results of the evaluation shows that the mean wind velocities at 1.5m height of some of the Malaysian terraced houses cases were in the comfort zone particularly during the northeast monsoon period. Nevertheless, both in the southwest monsoon period and the inter monsoon period, although the mean values of wind velocity ratio of the Malaysian terrace houses had been slightly higher than the trend line of the Japanese apartment houses, the mean wind velocities in all the cases in the Johor Bahru City and Japan did not reach the required comfort zones

Environmental design consideration for courtyards in residential buildings in hot-humid climates: A review

This paper discusses environmental design considerations for courtyards in residential buildings in hot-humid climates through a literature review by contrasting with those in hotdry climates. The main focus of discussion is on shading and ventilation effects of courtyards. The results of the analysis revealed that the form and orientation of a courtyard were less significant in its environmental design considerations for the hot-humid climates. Although these factors were reported to be the most important design considerations in the case of hot-dry climates. Mean-while, natural ventilation has been commonly utilized in woodenstructured traditional build-ings in hot-humid climates. However, most of the urban houses in Southeast Asian regions are becoming heavy-weight brick-walled buildings nowadays. It could be seen that the required environmental effects of a courtyard and its design considerations in the case of high thermal mass buildings in hot-humid climates are still uncertain and need to be investigated further

Factors Affecting Residential Satisfaction in Slum Rehabilitation Housing in Mumbai

Affordable housing for the low-income population, who mostly live in slums, is an endemic challenge for cities in developing countries. As a remedy for the slum-free city, most of the major metropolis are resorting to slum rehabilitation housing. Rehabilitation connotes the improved quality of life that provides contentment, yet what entails residential satisfaction in such low-income situations remains a blind spot in literature. The study aims to examine the factors affecting residential satisfaction of slum rehabilitation housing in Mumbai, India. Here, the moderation effects of sociodemographic characteristics between residential satisfaction and its predictors are elaborated using a causal model. Data on residents’ perception of the residential environment were collected from 981 households in three different slum rehabilitation housing areas spatially spread across Mumbai. The causal model indicated that residential satisfaction was significantly determined by internal conditions of dwelling resulting from design, community environment and access to facilities. Gender, age, mother tongue, presence of children, senior citizens in the family, and education moderate the relationship between residential satisfaction and its predictors. The need for design and planning with the user’s perspective is highlighted to improve the quality of life

INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND HEALTH IN NEWLY CONSTRUCTED APARTMENTS OF INDONESIA: CASE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF MODIFICATION

In Indonesia, sick building syndrome (SBS) and related health problems are suspected among the residents in emerging new urban houses constructed of modern building materials without sufficient material standards or minimum ventilation rates. First, this study investigates the current conditions of indoor air quality (IAQ) and health in newly constructed high-rise apartments in major cities of Indonesia, in contrast with traditional landed houses, the so-called Kampongs. Concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOC were measured, whereas a face-to-face interview was conducted. A total of 896 respondents were interviewed, and 207 rooms were measured during 2017-2019. The results showed that overall, the newly constructed apartments recorded higher formaldehyde levels compared to Kampongs. The status of the self-reported multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) among occupants was significantly different between the two building types. Furthermore, the occupants with higher levels of TVOC, in particular, were associated with the higher MCS risks, especially in the apartments. Second, we conducted a modification project in several apartment units of Surabaya to examine the effects of exhaust fans on IAQ. In most units, the concentrations of both formaldehyde and TVOC were reduced after the modification. Further, a follow-up measurement was conducted in the same units for about a month.

カガク ギジュツ ニカンスル トウギ ヲ キョウユウスル タメニ カガク ギジュツ コミュニケーション ニオケル エイゾウ ドキュメンテーション

第2 部 コミュニケーションデザイン論集論文・実践報